Konfigurasi Debian 4

SETTING IP Address PC Server
1. Megaktifkan Ethernet card yang ada di PC Server dan mengisinya
debian:~# ifconfig eth0 up 192.168.100.5
debian:~# ifconfig eth1 up 192.168.1.1
2. Edit konfigurasi IP Address di /etc/network/interfaces
debian:~# vim /etc/network/interfaces
3. Tambahkan script address di bawah ini
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.100.5
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.100.0
broadcast 192.168.100.255
gateway 192.168.100.254
dns-nameservers 202.134.1.10
dns-search telkom.net
allow-hotplug eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.1.1
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1
dns-nameservers 192.168.1.1
dns-search smkypm1.sch.id
4. simpan dengan menekan Esc+w+q
5. Kemudian restart daemon networking
debian:~# /etc/init.d/networking restart

SETTING DHCP Server
1. Install aplikasi DHCP Server
debian:~# apt-get install dhcp3-server
2. Install aplikasi mc dan lynx
debian:~# apt-get install mc lynx
3. Edit file /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
debian:~# vim /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf
4. Tambahkan script seperti dibawah ini :
subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.100;
option routers 192.168.1.1;
option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1, 202.134.1.10;
option domain-name "smkypm1.sch.id";
option broadcast-address 192.168.1.255;
default-lease-time 7200; max-lease-time 86400;
}
5. Kemudian simpan dengan menekan tombol Esc + :wq
6. Kemudian restart Daemon DHCP Server
debian:~# /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart

SETTING SSH (Scure Shell)
1. Install aplikasi SSH
debian:~# apt-get install openssh-server
2. Aktifkan Daemon SSH
debian:~# /etc/init.d/sshd start


SETTING WEB Server
1. Install aplikasi Web Server
debian:~# apt-get install apache2
2. Install PHP
debian:~# apt-get install php5
3. Buat direktori file web yang akan dijalankan
debian:~# mkdir /var/www/myweb
4. Edit file /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
debian:~# vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
5. Mengubah letak direktori web
DocumentRoot /var/www/myweb/

6. Mengubah agar waktu pertama kali yang dijalan kan bukan Apache melainkan web yang telah dibuat sendiri, simpan dengan menekan Esc+w+q
# RedirectMatch ^/$ /apache2-default/
7. Kemudian Membuat web
debian:~# vim /var/www/myweb/index.html
8. Ketikkan Script Html dan simpan dengan menekan Esc+w+q
9. Restart Daemon Apache
debian:~# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
10. Test Web Server dengan masuk ke lynx
debian:~# lynx 192.168.1.1

• SETTING DNS Server
1. Install aplikasi DNS Server
debian:~# apt-get install bind9
2. Copy file db.local menjadi db.domain misal : db.stm & db.127 manjadi db.IP misal : db.192
debian:~# cp /etc/bind/db.local /var/cache/bind/db.stm
debian:~# cp /etc/bind/db.127 /var/cache/bind/db.192
3. Edit file db.stm
debian:~# vim /var/cache/bind/db.stm

;
; BIND data file for locl loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkypm1.sch.id. root.smkypm1.sch.id. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkypm1.sch.id.
@ IN A 192.168.1.1
IN MX 1 mail.smkypm1.sch.id.
www IN A 192.168.1.1
ftp IN A 192.168.1.1
mail IN A 192.168.1.1


Kemudian simpan dengan Esc + :wq
4. Edit file db.192
debian:~# vim /var/cache/bind/db.192

;
; BIND reverse data file for local loopback interface
;
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA smkypm1.sch.id. root.smkypm1.sch.id. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkypm1.sch.id.
1 IN PTR smkypm1.sch.id.

Kemudian simpan dengan Esc + :wq


5. Edit file named.conf
debian:~# vim /etc/bind/named.conf
tambahkan zona seperti di bawah ini

zone "smkypm1.sch.id" {
type master;
file "/var/cache/bind/db.stm";
};

zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/var/cache/bind/db.192";
};
Simpan dengan Esc + :wq
6. Edit file /etc/resolv.conf
debian:~# vim /etc/resolv.conf

search smkypm1.sch.id
servername 192.168.1.1
servername 202.134.1.10
servername 202.134.0.155

7. Restart Daemon bind dan mencobanya dengan ping
debian:~# /etc/init.d/bind9 restart
debian:~# ping smkypm1.sch.id

• SETTING FTP Server
1. Membuat direktori FTP
debian:~# mkdir –p /ftpserver
2. Setting permission folder tersebut
debian:~# chmod 755 –R /ftpserver
3. Membuat user FTP untuk anonymous
debian:~# useradd –d /ftpserver ftp
4. Install aplikasi FTP Server
debian:~# apt-get install vsftpd
5. Copykan salah satu file dari direktori lain ke direktori FTP
debian:~# cp /var/www/apache2-default/index.html /ftpserver
6. Test ftp dengan masuk ke lynx
debian:~# lynx ftp://smkypm1.sch.id

• SETTING Proxy Server
1. Install aplikasi Proxy Server
debian:~# apt-get install squid
2. Konfigurasi file /etc/squid/squid.conf
debian:~# vim /etc/squid/squid.conf
3. Kemudian edit beberapa parameter dalam optimasi squid

http_port 8080
http_port 8080 transparent
icp_port 0
cache_mem 32 MB
cache_swap_low 80%
cache_swap_high 100%
cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 1600 4 256
negative_ttl 2 minutes
acl ip_lokal src 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0
http_access allow ip_lokal
acl jangan url_regex –i www.redhat.org
http_access deny jangan
cache_mgr regeditq@gmail.com
visible_hostname regeditq@gmail.com

4. Restart daemon squid
debian:~# /etc/init.d/squid restart
5. Jika error, cari letak kesalahan dengan monitoring
debian:~# tail -f /var/log/messages

• SETTING EMAIL Server
1. Instalasi paket Email Server
debian:~# apt-get remove exim4*
debian:~# apt-get install squid courier-pop courier-imap squirrelmail
2. Konfigurasi file /etc/postfix/main.cf
debian:~# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
3. tambahkan script di bawah ini
mydomain = smkypm1.sch.id
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 192.168.1.0/24
home_mailbox = Maildir/
4. Restart daemon postfix
debian:~# /etc/init.d/postfix restart
5. Konfigurasi squirrelmail
debian:~# squirrelmail-configure
6. Buat konfigurasi pilih (2, A, 8, [other]:courier, S, Enter, Q)
7. Konfigurasi virtualhost squirrelmail
debian:~# vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
8. Tambahkan script di bawah ini
Alias /webmail “/usr/share/squirrelmail/”

Allow from all

9. Membuat mail direktorinya dan megkonfigurasi permissionnya
debian:~# maildirmake.courier /home/[user]/Maildir
debian:~# chown [user].[user] –R /home/[user]/Maildir
10. Membuat folder Maildir otomatis ketika create user
debian:~# maildirmake.courier /etc/skel/Maildir
11. Testing postfix
debian:~# telnet localhost 25

Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain.
Escape character is '^]'.
220 debian.smkypm1.sch.id ESMTP Postfix
(Debian/GNU)
ehlo localhost
250-debian.smkypm1.sch.id
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250 8BITMIME
quit
221 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.

12. Testing squirrelmail
debian:~# lynx smkypm1.sch.id/webmail
13. Membuat user baru dan mengisi passwordnya
debian:~# useradd user1
14. Masuk ke Webmail dan login sebagai user1
debian:~# lynx smkypm1.sch.id/webmail
15. Coba kirim email ke user lain, untu check error
debian:~# tail -f /var/log/mail.log
debian:~# tail -f /var/log/mail.info
debian:~# tail -f /var/log/mail.err
• Konfigurasi Router agar Client dapat koneksi ke internet
1. Ketikkan perintah
debian:~# iptables –t nat –A POSTROUTING –o eth1 –s 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 –j MASQUERADE
2. Ketikkan juga perintah
debian:~# iptables –t nat –A POSTROUTING –o eth1 -s
192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 –j SNAT --to-source 192.168.100.5